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Sunday, November 04, 2007
Lee  Culpepper :: Townhall.com Columnist
Huckleberry Finn and “Muslim” Jim
by Lee Culpepper
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The latest politically correct attempt to feign offense over The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (which unleashes Mark Twain’s piercing wit and bitter criticism of society) is currently smoldering in North Richland Hills, Texas. Ibrahim Mohamed, a 17-year-old junior at Richland High School, claims that his teacher’s reluctance to replace the hateful word “nigger” on the blackboard with the “N-Word” was “cruel” and demonstrated “bad judgment.” Mohamed was the only black student in his class. He has since been transferred to a different English class with another teacher.

Mohamed’s mother (who has never read the entire text) has aligned with local black and Muslim leaders and claims to be outraged, too. The mother, Tonya Mohamed, wants Huck Finn banned. She also thinks teachers should have to undergo sensitivity training in order to present touchy issues. Backed by the Coalition to Stop the N-word, the Mohameds also want a written apology from the teacher. Apparently, teaching students to think critically by examining uncomfortable history fails the PC test of self-esteem. Perhaps encouraging students to feel like victims is more worthwhile.

Twain’s 1884 classic opens with a warning to the readers who attempt to find a “motive, a moral, or a plot” to the story. The key word in Twain’s sentence is “attempting.” Clearly, the readers who fail to find all three elements are the mentally encumbered to whom Twain refers when he states that he would just as well see those readers “prosecuted, banished, or shot.” To miss these literary elements in the book would require tremendous effort.

In our politically correct, multi-cultural, intolerant-tolerant, and over-sensitive society, children are fortunate if they ever have the opportunity to read this historically controversial book. Today most of the controversy surrounds the repugnance of the dreaded word that is a degrading brand suggesting a human being is not a human being. At least that’s what it once meant before rap music enslaved the term to cultivate its “art.”

To defend including the novel in a school curriculum, some teachers suggest looking past the word because of its historical context. Other educators candy-coat the issue by replacing the word with PC terms like “African-American” or the “N-word.” Students often giggle or grimace and then usually struggle through the rest of Huck’s humorous yet unsettling narrative.

But since the story demonstrates how an uneducated white boy unlearns everything white society has ever taught him about blacks -- thanks to a black, truly human character named Nigger Jim -- wasn’t Twain’s point to offend us? If one character in the entire story seems incapable of being human it is Pap, Huck’s father. Pap is a child abuser, a drunk, a racist, and a thief.

While many lessons saturate the book, a primary theme addresses the racial division of America fueled by one incredibly vile word. Nevertheless, Twain scolds the entire human race, not any ethnic race in particular. Today, however, our PC disciples claim to be improving the world through all their multi-cultural psychobabble -- but only when their drivel furthers their agenda of creating victims. Unfortunately, the hypocrisy of their foolish doctrine only inflames greater division among all racial groups, but that fact should not be surprising; it is painfully obvious to anyone with common sense.

However, because these weak-stomached, PC zealots have often succeeded in censoring Twain’s novel in the name of “tolerance” and “sensitivity,” far too many Americans (note the absence of racial adjectives before the noun) have never learned how Huck and Jim’s relationship serves to teach us an important life lesson: People are people. And all of us fall short of being truly good. We all struggle with our own humiliating blemishes.

Targeting Huck for censorship is really old news though. Demands for censorship might be preferred to what could possibly occur if students like Ibrahim Mohamed learned factual history about slavery in the world. For instance, at the time Huck Finn was published -- thirty years after slavery had been abolished in America -- Muslims were still enslaving Africans. Oddly enough, Jim masquerades as a sick Arab during one of Huck’s adventures.

Factual history, however, rarely furthers the PC agenda or serves to condemn America enough.

In case a reader is merely attempting to find my motive, I will have to spell it out: Teaching critical thinking skills and examining painful history should take precedent to self-esteem and feelings. Accurate historical context often helps to show what makes America a great country. Factual history should also teach us to learn from our mistakes.

On the other hand, political correctness buries facts and cripples students’ ability to think.

We need to quit censoring uncomfortable truths. Twain would have reveled in the sniveling of PC believers, or he might have preferred to order them shot. Twain’s disdain for irresponsible do-gooders and common idiots stemmed from his desire to protect America from further harm that their foolish ideology inflicts on a troubled civilization (ironically a synonym for today’s choice word: culture).

Now, is it really any wonder why Huck hated going to school?

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About The Author

Lee Culpepper is a former Marine and high school English teacher. He is currently working to complete his first book, Alone and Unafraid: One Marine’s Counterattack Inside the Walls of Public Education. Visit Lee’s website at www.leeculpepper.com.

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Oh brother
These same folks who throw a hissy fit over Huck Finn probably poured over "Tropic of Cancer," "Tropic of Capricorn," and "Lady Chatterly's Lover" searching for the nuanced artistic merit of relationships... not! The faux offended need to grow up and learn to think, and the faux protectors of the faux offended could help us all if they would just busy themselves congratulating Al Gore.

Excellent
Excellent article, Mr. Culpepper. Unfortunately, Samuel Langhorne Clemens wouldn't be published in today's world -- liberal intolerance would see to that. However, Tom and Huck will always be ingrained lovingly in my mind, and no do-gooder or liberal Nazi can ever erase them from my memory. Le'Chaim.

Seems pretty obvious that
the left is doing everything they can to destroy real American culture and in its place insert some form of utopian ideal. Although adding 100 million Mexicans to the mix would be the final nail in the coffin, they may want to consider what effect that will have on their future utopia.

Attacking Twain
Twain's obvious purpose was to promote equality by showing that humanity and inhumanity know no racial boundary. To work to censor his message is to deny that purpose. Might it be that those that would see him silenced are not really interested in equality?

A+ Teach!
If we had another million teachers like you we'd be in good shape!

Lee, watch out for PC Thought Police. You can bet they're in some dark room now, planning more ways to take America down the tubes.

".....weak stomached,PC zealots." Yep!

Could imagine, Lee, being in a fox hole with these clowns. They'd be useless! Well, not quite. They would provide you with the proper, politically correct name for the enemy. Bet you feel safe now!


One More Note: Maybe there is hope for the country! Keep us posted on your book! Put me down for a signed copy, will ya?

Generation Whine cannot read
anyway. They have been *taught* to read by a method that prevented them from learning how to find out what the words actually mean. They are in turn teaching Generation GrabbyBaby to *read* by running an eletronic wand over a LeapFrog page, listening to a cozy mehanical voice recite words, and memorizing them so they can pretend they know how to read. Their writing consists of LOL, BRB, ROFLMAO and so forth, and if they do try to write words on paper, they misspell them. (I watched an episode of Smarter than a Fifth Grader the other day and the little boy who knew Truman was from Missouri spelled it Misourie. Not one person on the stage knew that Niagara Falls had four As in it. And once their secretaries, who are generally Boomers, retire, the business world will be pretty much occupied by illiterates.

Just keep on teaching kids that reading is for nerds, geeks and Unpopular Kids and you will not have to worry about what they read. Because they will not read anything. They will not even know how.

5 stars
The professional race baiters have been attacking Huck Finn and Samuel Clements for decades because of the "N" word and without actually reading the book, much less understanding it. mark Twain was opposed to slavery and jim crow and that was the entire point of the book.

If the professional race baiters truely cared about the principles they espouse, they would be calling for all blacks to read the book, not burn it.

Vic
It is truly ironic that possibly the most important anti-slavery, anti-bigotry novel of its day is being attacked by the very people it was intended to rescue and uphold. Those unthinking people into knee jerk reactions are their own worst enemy.

Huck Finn
I'm thoroughly sick of Muslims and Mexicans and the political correctness they demand every time we open our mouths. Perhaps they should take a page from our President's playbook. He allows Chavez, Ahmadinejad, Vicente Fox, Calderon and heads of various other countries to demand, insult and threaten us without saying a word in our defense. Why he is so politically correct he takes it like a gentleman. Doesn't even demand an apology. In fact, he turns the other cheek at every opportunity.

Other "unacceptable" books.
Tom Wolfe's book, Bonfire of the Vanities, was protested by black race hustlers when it came out because it illustrated how blacks engineered a victim persona around a black street predator when he went to trial. Sort of a Jena 6 lite.

Then there was the book by Zev Chavets, Devil's Night and other True Tales of Detroit. It outlined the corruption of that city's black leaders under the late Mayor Coleman Young, and how the corruption basically destroyed a once thriving city.

The book was a model of how the politics of resentment and chronic faux indignation catapulted a gang of race hustlers to power.

Chavets' book was angrily protested on local television by blacks in spite of the fact that the murder rate of blacks was growing fast and the city was going "third world". One black protester (on a local TV talk show), a "reverend", said that he didn't read the book, but he "knew" it was racist. When the host asked the angry black audience if anyone read the book, no one raised their hand.

Chavets was born, raised and educated in Detroit, but is now an Israeli citizen.

With this latest protest of Twain, some folks are really getting desperate.

This is a sad commentary of .....
the Black Community's own leaders. Mark Twain's book ("Huckleberry Finn") is truly an American classic. It was the first popular novel (if you leave out "Uncle Tom's Cabin") to truly look at racism and bigotry in America. Twain's "biting" and caustic humor were no better seen then in this his greatest work.

The Black Leaders in this country would do well to DEMAND that it be taught at the High School and College levels.

On a personal level, I read this book in the 5th grade; I understood much of what Twain was trying to show (though not as much as when I studied it in the 12th grade). I know it helped this young "Southerner" over come much of the racist indoctrination of the 1950's.

Excellent Posts On...
this thread.

And Lee, be careful. The PC Thought Police will add you to their "Watch List".

Who's currently on the list?

All those considered non-tolerant, homophobic, racist (that's always a big one) and insensitive(covers anything they missed) are placed on the list.

One day they'll knock on your door and state, "Hello. We are the local Thought Police. Have you had any racist, homophobic, nontolerant or insensitive thoughts today."

Funny?

Don't be so sure!

I guess we should ban
To Kill a Mockingbird too.

Some people are idiots!

Heroic
Posts! The Democrats ran the South when it was heII on earth. Now they want to ban Huck because it exposes their legacy. I'd love to see a new Twain book about that.

Are There Any Other Books?
Are there any other books regularly used in the elementary classroom that refer to Jews as Kikes, Hymies, or Syksters? Are there any books being used that routinely refer to whites as Crackers, Hillbillies or poor white trash? How about those that refer to Irish lushes and the Chinese as Chinks or Japanese as Pie Face? All of these slurs are legitimate representations of past and present colloquial conversation in America. However, I doubt that they show up in the books that are used to illustrate the past or contemporary inter-cultural relations. Why must the black student be the only student to endure this type of focus while all the children of other ethnic, racial and cultural groups are protected from present-day embarassment, simply because the author is a celebrated author? I say until all the slurs are put before the children, they can either simply call the character Jim,
or the book can be reserved for a more mature student - high school or college.

Saying the "N-Word"
A decade or so ago, the government of Prince Georges County, Maryland had come under the consummate control of the majority of black citizens living within the county.

The county needed a new library chief and in an unexpected move, selected a non-black American from Hawaii. (I don't know what his ethnic/race derivation was except that it was not black, and either he or his father or both were raised or lived in PG County when it was Rednecksville.)

At a metro forum of library chiefs he told a story about his father, a PG County teacher long ago who was challenging students about their racial prejudices. The story included the pejorative word, "ni**er" with the teacher clearly noting his distaste for that word.

For pronouncing the word, "ni**er" in a context of disapproval, he was attacked by one or more black librarians fot merely mentioning the word, even while expressing distaste for it in the same breath.

The new PG Library Chief was fired.

This display of crass ignorance and racial spoiling is one more example of black children being short-changed by stone-dumb fools. There was very little public criticism of his firing.

Where is Santayana when you need him?

And BTW, my first and second attempt to post this comment was rejected because I actually spelled out the word,en-eye-gee-gee-ee-are! (This comment contains the following unacceptable words: Ni--er) It seems the inanity is shared by the PCers at Townhall.

The legacy of black slaves
happens to be one of the strongest defining characteristics of America. A nation with The Declaration of Independence, written by slave owners (not all) and the ensuing wrestling with conscience, culminating in the Civil War is part of our DNA. Twain happens to be head and shoulders above whatever writers you can find that use the racist language that you want to expose. And, on face value, the word so objectionable is overshadowed by the storyline. I don't recall reading Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn (I'm 60 and read them for pleasure in elementary school while they were still on the shelf)and coming away aching to use the "N" word. I just really wanted to skip school and float the Mississippi with Jim.

Braveheart,
"Ibrahim Mohamed, a 17-year-old junior at Richland High School."

Culpepper is addressing a supposedly "more mature student."

And yes, Twain viciously attacks whites, especially the redneck culture in Huck Finn. Read it: Colonel Sherburn spits on all men from the North and South when a mob fails to lynch him (a white man) for murder; Twain lampoons "Southern class" through the Grangerfords; Pikesville residents define the worst of redneck culture, lighting fire to a dog's tell and watching it run down the street for amusement. Its residents symbolize the violence and ignorance Twain associates with the redneck culture.

Have you ever read the book?

No other author can match Twain's brilliance -- Huck Finn is the "first truly American novel." Isn't that what Hemmingway said?

Do yourself a favor and read the book, BH.

Braveheart...
The student in the article is a 17-year-old high school junior. Although I agree that young children shouldn't be subjected to any of the slurs you mentioned, I think a 17-year-old should be able to see the context and understand the point Twain was making. Like Grey Ghost, I also read the book in grade school, but it was never assigned until high school, and at that time, Twain's objection to the racism and inequality was central to our classroom discussions, as it is central to the book.

Tail, not tell.
forgive me.

This dog won't hunt
I'm so sorry that the Adventures of Hucklebery Finn are still being attacked by the stupidity of PCism.

It isn't new. My brother was going to be the lead (Huck) in a school play back in the 60s and it was cancelled because someone might be offended.

How can anyone be offended by Jim? Arguably, one of the most humane and sympathetic characters ever written, in a wonderful...yes...WONDERFUL Book by Twain.

Some believe we need to likewise cancel several other potentially offensive plays too.

First to mind is A Raisin in the Sun...my personal favorite. I LOVE this play, and in fact, directed a production of it a few years ago.

I insisted that the 'N-word'...good grief...can't even write it...be left in the script...It served the opposite function of that in Huck Finn...and was a powerful expose of ignorance on one hand, and to illustrate how far Walter Lee had fallen on the other.

I don't think anyone was emotionally traumatized by either saying it, or hearing it. And our production won several awards, including best acting for the two characters who said 'the word.'

We cannot eliminate every word or phrase that might illuminate human nature and history, nor should we.

The school lost a golden opportunity to educate. So, what else is new?

curious
To find the severity of the problem that the author is getting at, I did a search on most assigned books, and found that Huck Finn is on it. So apparently the claim that most students are being kept from this book are not true.

On the other hand the most recent list for the most banned or challenged books is the following: “And Tango Makes Three” by Justin Richardson and Peter Parnell, for homosexuality, anti-family, and unsuited to age group;
“Gossip Girls” series by Cecily Von Ziegesar for homosexuality, sexual content, drugs, unsuited to age group, and offensive language;
“Alice” series by Phyllis Reynolds Naylor for sexual content and offensive language;
“The Earth, My Butt, and Other Big Round Things” by Carolyn Mackler for sexual content, anti-family, offensive language, and unsuited to age group;
“The Bluest Eye” by Toni Morrison for sexual content, offensive language, and unsuited to age group;
“Scary Stories” series by Alvin Schwartz for occult/Satanism, unsuited to age group, violence, and insensitivity;
“Athletic Shorts” by Chris Crutcher for homosexuality and offensive language;
“The Perks of Being a Wallflower” by Stephen Chbosky for homosexuality, sexually explicit, offensive language, and unsuited to age group;
“Beloved” by Toni Morrison for offensive language, sexual content, and unsuited to age group; and
“The Chocolate War” by Robert Cormier for sexual content, offensive language, and violence.

Which of those books do you think is being challenged by the PC left? One almost gets the sense that the idea that it is the left that is PC is nonsense.

Two Cents more on the "N-word"
In my life I've held numerous positions that involved close intetraction with many black Americans. They have -- as do all ethnic or racial groups -- their "Good, Bad,and Ugly."

The passion about the N-word is almost passé.

Young black men tease each other with the term.

I once -- as a jail chief -- admonished a man who did not appear to be black for calling another man the dreaded N-Word. He smiled and replied, "It's OK, sir. Look at me close and you'll see I'm black, too, so I can do it."

Turns out he was a light-complected, freckled black man who considered himself "black."

I admonished him and told him that even if he WAS black I would not permit him to use that term.

But the N-word is not -- as most people know -- the most insulting of terms that black and now others use. The most contemptuous and vile one
alludes to the Oedipus complex and it is:
"mother-fu**er."

Now THERE's a word that deserves censoring, if any word does -- everywhere!

How about "niggardly"?
Perhaps you'll recall: In 1999, black citizens in Washington DC raised an angry protest because David Howard, a white guy on the Mayor's staff, had used the word "niggardly" to criticize a budget as too stingy. This actually ended up forcing Howard's resignation from his post.

http://tinyurl.com/ln54b

The word "niggardly" has nothing to do with race. It means stingy or miserly, from the now obsolete Old English root word "nig" meaning a miser.

But it tells you something about the literacy rate of black citizens that they didn't know that.

Here in the Boston area where I lived then, black folks were calling a black radio talk-show host, Lavelle Dyett on WBZ-AM, to complain about Howard's use of the word. His response to them: "You need a dictionary"--and then he would hang up.

Almost all of the books
listed above are recent concoctions by contemporary authors.

Huck Finn and Twain fall outside that list by vitue of a century of critical acclaim as the great Amerian novel.

The metaphor of Huck (illiterate white boy) on a raft (means of conveyance for a journey) with Jim (black slave on his way to freedom) on the Mississippi River (splits the US in half) is the great Am. metaphor for America's odyssey of racial tension and maturity.

Twain wrote in 1884 but placed Huck in the 1840s for the slavery theme. Huck says all the time that as stupid as he is, he knows Jim is right and slave ownership is wrong. He just can't help doing the wrong thing according to educated adults.

The use of "n*gg*r" is part of the shift from Romanticism to Realism and Local Color, art and literary movements of the time.

If the black community can tolerate and celebrate black rappers who use "n*gg*r" generously in millions-$-selling "songs," academics should be able to justify Twain in the classroom.

It's not just the left either
PC is a two way street too. Some on the right so-called Christian "conservatives" have tried to get the Harry Potter series banned from schools as well since according to them it introduces them to black magic, witchcraft and all sort of other "anti-Christian" teachings. I guess we should ban Tolkien and Shakespeare too.

The problem is that there are all these mini-Stalinist and Maoists out there that want to ban things that don't like and if we ever allowed them to take control we'd have nothing to read. To the Laura Malloy's of the world that tried to get Harry Potter banned due to her Christian beliefs--if Harry Potter gets banned for being anti-Chrisitian and Huckleberry Finn for being racist, somebody out there will get the Bible banned too.

Book banning is always bad form.


TC writes 8:27AM:
"One day they'll knock on your door and state, 'Hello. We are the local Thought Police. Have you had any racist, homophobic, nontolerant or insensitive thoughts today.'"
-----------------------------

Why, yes I have. Immediately after you knocked on my door and asked your question. Just a moment while I get my gun...

Lon,
Where does Culpepper state, "most students are being kept from this book."

What he said was "children are fortunate if they ever have the opportunity to read this historically controversial book."

That's not exactly the same thing.


Inside Wolverine
Do you want to explain how you read those things so they are not the same thing? Is your suggestion that what he sais was deceptive, but not actually straight out wrong?

How do you think the clever students who would appreciate the moral play of Huck Finn would understand a statment like "children are fortunate if they ever have the opportunity to read this historically controversial book"
in that context?

If your claim is that he implied something false rather tahn actually saying it, I agree, but do not see much of a relevant difference in this case.

Lon, I didn't realize you were a victim.
Therefore, you must be right.

On the other hand, in light of the PC climate and the plethora of incidents like the specific one Culpepper is addressing, I assert his stating students are fortunate if they get to read the novel is accurate, not misleading.

Twist his words however you want. You're apparently a victim, too, so you're entitled to do so.


just as context
From the story which appears to be the source o fthis article, the student was not offended by the use of the word in the book, but rather by the way that the school chose to prepare students for it by putting up the "offensive" words on the board in advance of reading the book to get them out in the open. So it appears that it was actually liberal do-gooderism that the student found offensive.

The result was that the discussion (although mostly through his behavior) became a matter of the teacher asking him questions about how he, the only black student in the room, felt about the word.

While it is true that the mother has responded by wanting the book banned, the group that has been helping her does not like the banning idea, and the student himself does not have a problem with reading the book.

Again it seems that the reason that "Huck Finn" becomes the focus of these discussions is that unlike Beloved, or Catcher in the Rye, there is the man bites dog element of having people on the left advocating banning. Having people on the right advocating banning is not much of a story, because it is so dog bites man.

comparisons
All of you people who want to compare the subject of this article, PC speech codes, and religious people calling for the banning of pornography are trying to compare apples to oranges to coconuts. They are not the same thing. Banning Huck Finn because it uses the “N” word in a context of 1850 America while blasting slavery and racism is just plain stupid. It is done for reasons of the professional race baiters who make a living by keeping the pot stirred. PC speech codes embrace the entire liberal thought process, not just race baiting. Their aim is to silence, not just any racial language, but that and ALL conservative speech as well. Religious people attacking pornography is nothing different than the banning of obscenity that has been going on here since the Republic was founded. It is just now, everyone has a different definition of obscenity. There are only a few people on the extreme edges who are going after the Harry Potter books, therefore I don’t view that as a problem for “religious people”. I think the overwhelming majority of “religious people” know that Harry Potter is FICTION.

Ban the book
I am willing to bet that the kid that complained about the N word has a few rap records saying the same word plus debasing woman.I don't buy the excuse that its alright for blacks to use the word,no matter who says it it has the same meaning

Obscenity
Pornography which to some includes the tameness of Playboy and Maxim is protected. Obscenity is not. What is obscene? Well as Justice Stewart Potter said in Jacobellis v. Ohio (1964), I know it when I see it. I guess that is the problem, because what is obscene to one may not be to the other.

The standard today is that set forward in Miller v. California (1973) which states that the average person, applying contemporary community standards must find that the work, taken as a whole, appeals to the prurient interest and
the work depicts or describes, in a patently offensive way, sexual conduct or excretory functions specifically defined by applicable state law; and the work, taken as a whole, lacks serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value--the LAPS test.

So who is comparing apples are oranges now? Playboy is not obscenity and yes there are nut jobs out there like Dobson and Wildmon who would declare such as they are just as screwed up in the head as Laura Malloy and the anti-Harry Potter crowd.

What you read in the privacy of your own house should be no one's concern other than your own and as long as what people do behind close doors is between consenting adults and it doesn't scare the horses it is fine by me.



Akagi
What is this, another long drawn out argument over word definitions? Will we be dissecting the difference between obscenity and pornography? Akagi, do you do this just to be contrary? If you will go back and do some research you will find that the original prosecutions were done under the obscenity statutes. And neither obscenity nor pornography are protect. The ruling is that that the government may NOT engage in prior censorship. Government can bring charges on both grounds, it is up to a jury to determine if it meets the obscenity definition. I believe the term is “local standards”.

In any case, comparing the call for ending common obscenity and classical literary works such as Huckleberry Finn over race baiting profiteers lies is not the same thing.

Lessons from my teenaged daughter
Bri read Tom Sawyer and Huck Finn this summer because she was bored and it was something a 14-year-old can do in a hammock on a hot summer's day.

She related to me, initially, her discomfort with the n-word, but then when we talked about it a couple of days later, she said she'd figured it out -- Twain was showing how it like the stars they made the Jews wear. She'd gotten her eras a bit confused, but her understanding was right on.

Here's the thing, though. She confronted the issue and she learned from it. Twain's message isn't that black people are better and white people are racist. It's that white people and black people can live together if they don't put labels on one another.

Sometimes I wonder, do black parents just want their children to be racist -- is that why they refuse to let them confront one of the great American novels that actually deals with the subject without judging either side? Seems like they might.

Thin-skinned Third World idiot
It's hard to believe how thin-skinned and downright stupid the P.C. patrol has become. To try to ban Mark Twain from the classroom, one of our greatest writers, because he accurately depicted everyday speech in his time (and for the purpose of making a moral point) strikes me as philistinism beyond the call of duty.

I call conservative traditionalists on the carpet for the same offense, as they bray about "gratuitous" sex or violence because of its depiction in a novel, play or film. It's time for the cultural Nanny Patrol, Left and Right, to get a life.

The "N" Word
The only thing racist about the "N" Word is the person saying "the word". If some honkey says the word, heaven help us, the world is coming to an end but if a black person says "the word", it is okay. What hypocrisy!

No Vic
Pornography is indeed protected. Read Miller v. California (1973). If you want you can go back and read a large number of other cases as well such as Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition (2002) which ruled that laws against virtual child porn were unconstitutional.

What is not protected is obscenity which is defined in Miller.

I'm not understanding something here ...
Can someone explain to me why limiting a book because of it not being age appropriate is put on the same level as banning a book because of the N-word?

Seems to me similar to rating a movie; would you show at home, as an example, the movie with Tom Cruise and Nicole Kidman--"Eyes Wide Shut", if I remember the title right--to your 8-year-old? To your 12-year-old? Or watch "Sex and the City"--the original version--with either?

I am honestly confused.

What we really object to
is that someone is spending my tax dollars for nonsense.

I am a conservative evangelical Christian. At the height of the furor over Harry Potter I seldom heard other rank&file Christians say it should be banned.

It had a number of messages other than the witchcraft theme which disturbed most Christian parents, namely situational ethics, and the glorification of the ideal of "getting even" for presumed wrongs. what we most often mentioned is that the very tenor of the book was counter to what the administrators of the schools were trying to teach as regards to conflict resolution. But we never suggested it be banned from the schools. We though there was better literature available for teaching purposes.

What really annoyed me was that the schools decided to use my taxes to take their students to the theater to view the movie during the time I was paying them to be teaching our children to read. This was a waste of my money and of my children's time. And then they complain they do not have enough of either.

If in 30 years kids are still reading Harry Potter I will gladly list it among the classics. But it will never have the historical significance that Tom Sawyer or Huckleberry Finn have.

This is an old issue...
As longer than 10 years ago, I was aware that African American scholars, educators, psychologists,and parents have been objecting to the use of this book in elementary school and high school. The first discussion I ever heard about this issue related to 7th & 8th graders. It is interesting how supporters of using this book, readily dismiss the objections of African American professionals and parents. Again do you feel the same about a character named Jewess Sadie, Kike Maury or Hymie Sam? To use the idiotic argument that African Americans put up with rappers using the word is ridiculous. Black adults don't imbibe rap music- it is the music of a black youth. To use the behavior of counter-culture youth as a legitimatizing agent, is an educational crime. Rappers shouldn't have influence over anything, and certainly shouldn't influence adult curriculum decisions.

dale
I never understood the furor over the Harry Potter books. I think they are enjoyable fiction, no different than Star Wars or any other fictional series.

I would have had a problem with trucking my kids off to see the movie during schooltime though.

The great thing about Potter is that there were/are a bunch of kids READING...Anything that develops a love of books is a good thing IMHO.

Today's Huck would be a different kid
He wouldn't float down the river for fear of placing pollutants from the bottom of the raft into the river, wouldn't trample through the woods for fear of stepping on an endangered plant, and would be arrested along with Tom Sawyer for hate crimes against Injun Joe - - uh, I mean Native American Joe.

Douglas V. Gibbs
Not to mention placing Pap into rehab, and being ridiculed (I almost said needled) for wearing a dress.

Trouble is
There are to damned many people standing in line to be offended.

Finn
First, I'd like to know where in Africa these people emigrated from.

Second, yes, I can readily dismiss objections of anyone when they are nonesense objections. If the book was presented to 3rd graders it'd be one thing, but I think a 17 year olds should be adult enough to handle this book and subject.

In the past 17 year olds have handled much more than a silly word.


PC Run Amok
Remember the incident in DC a few years ago, when the city financial administrator (I think it was) was fired for using the word “niggardly” in its proper context to describe some cost-cutting strategy.

The entire shameful episode took on surreal overtones as the mayor “defended” his administrator, even as he fired him for the publicly admitted sake of appeasing outraged and ignorant constituents who didn’t like the sound of the word.

Literature endures
Literature is the enduring expression of significant human experience in words well chosen and arranged.

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn fits nicely.

Inside Wolverine
I am puzzled by your comment. Huck Finn remains one of the most assigned books among American High School students. I suppose it could be thought that students are lucky to be Americans, and therefore lucky that most Americans get that book assigned to them. But if there was really a pc culture that prevented students from reading HuckFinn that would seem likely to be reflected in the number of students who read the book. That was why I brought in the facts in the first place. Facts can be useful for understanding reality. They do not seem to play that role in your account.

Similarly I am not clear why you suppose I am a victim. I am not the one who feels put upon by the evils of pc correctness (which somehow fail to manifest them in the actual facts).

But then that tends to be the idea behind complaints of poltical correctness isn't it. One gets to both proclaim oneself a victim while attacking people for proclaiming themselves victims.

lon
"Fortunately I had enough repore with the class to be able to explain that the word is not related..."

What is "repore"?

Do you mean "rapport"?

Where did you teach? Just sayin.

Peace.

Lon, Huck Finn is one of the Top 5
Most frequently challeged books:

http://www.ala.org/bbooks.

100 Most frequently challenged books.

"Off the list this year, but on for several years past, are the "Catcher in the Rye" by J.D. Salinger, "Of Mice and Men" by John Steinbeck and "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" by Mark Twain."

Stories you won't find
in a literature class in America:

"Wee Willie Winkie" and "Little Black Sheep". They belong, along with the entire Kipling cannon, in ever literature class in America starting as soon as children can read.

"No other author can match Twain's brilliance "
I'll put Kipling up against Clemens any day. And Clemens *was* good. I disagreed with much of his writing, but he was good at writing it. ("Super-fluous... it is a good word and bears much repeating...")

Wee Willie Winkie is about a little English boy in India who loves the military (strike one). He discovers that Miss Allerdyce will one day belong to his friend and hero "Coppy" (strike two). When miss Allerdyce breaks the rules and goes riding unescorted, he breaks his arrest and goes after her. He stands up to native bandits (strike three), and in spite of his heroism is heartbroken to have tarnished his honor by breaking his arrest (strike four...)

And "Little Black Sheep", a story so pathetic I was in tears at the end, help lead me to my current hatred of liberals. Made all the more heartrending in that it was semi-autobiographical.

A little boy from an influential family returns to England from India. He has to stay with relatives who are deeply religious, but hold the current twisted views of "equality". He unwittingly makes a disparaging remark regarding another race, is ratted on by his cousin, and is subject to such abuse by adults and children (which he must suffer) that he is driven to attempt suicide by licking the lead paint from his toy soldiers. When his mother finally comes to rescue him... he cringes from her, expecting a beating!

If Kipling can't be part of the curriculum, then neither can Clemens. And why on EARTH do we have to read Catcher in the Rye?

Some hate speech for the PC police
I HATE LIBERALS.
I HATE LIBERALS.

I don't hate blacks, unless they're liberals.
I don't hate hispanics, unless they're liberals or illegals.
I don't hate Japanese so long as they're American and not liberals.

Otherwise...
I HATE LIBERALS.
I HATE LIBERALS.

Two plus two is FOUR! There are FIVE fingers! We are at war with Eastasia but we used to be at war with Eurasia! The chocolate quota is being DECREASED not INCREASED!

Down with BIG BROTHER!

End of rant...

(There, I feel better...)

For those
benefiting from modern education...

The above was referencing George Orwell's "1984".
"Almost as terrifying as "Animal Farm". Neither "of which, I suspect, can be found in a junior high or even high school literature course. Actually, you probably *will* find them; along with teachers and quizzes set to make a point in direct opposition to the message within the stories!

Napoleon is always right!

"The Seven Commandments

1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.
2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend.
3. No animal shall wear clothes.
4. No animal shall sleep in a bed.
5. No animal shall drink alcohol.
6. No animal shall kill any other animal.
7. All animals are equal."


Lon, forgive me.
Like you, I guess I was twisting words.

I thought you had written:

"If your claim is that he implied something false rather tahn actually saying it, I agree, but do not see much of a relevant difference in this case."

For a moment, I sensed you were whining that Culpepper was trying to mislead you (and us). I guess you meant I was a victim because I was misled..

The fact that the book is one of the most challenged books couldn't have anything to do with Culpepper's point. He's just trying to mislead all of us. Thanks for saving us.

I wonder if Culpepper was referring to people like you when he wrote: "Twain would have reveled in the sniveling of PC believers, or he might have preferred to order them shot."

No, I guess he wasn't because you're my hero.


jdw
One thing I can agree with you on is Catcher in the Rye. What a waste. It's like picking boogers for hours at a time and calling it "literature."

(Now I've annoyed the Salinger fans.)

Orwell
And later changed in the middle of the night to read:

1. Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy.
2. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend.
3. No animal shall wear clothes.
4. No animal shall sleep in a bed.
5. No animal shall drink alcohol.
6. No animal shall kill any other animal.
7. All animals are equal."

The two additions I remember are "No animal shall sleep in a bed WITH SHEETS" and of course...All Animals are equal, BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS.


CORRECTION!
"Little Black Sheep" was in fact titled "Baa Baa Black Sheep".

"Mamma's own prayer was a slightly illogical one. Summarized it ran, 'let strangers love my children and be as good to them as I should be, but let me preserve their love and their confidence for ever and ever. Amen'"

"Punch and Judy, through no fault of their own, had lost all their world."

The more I think about it, the only flaw in the story is that when Pappa came home he didn't feed Aunty Rosa to the pigs. Pigs are known, after all, to eat their own kind...

Ha! Can't believe I found it

Understanding great literature
I too enjoyed Kipling as a child, but that doesn't hold a candle to Huck Finn. In fact, Mark Twain himself rarely wrote anything that came close to the literary shine of Huck Finn.

Clemens had grown up in the South with its conventions, but apparently had never taken them too much to heart. He'd known blacks he admired. By the time of the Civil War, he was living in the North (Long Island, I think) and they had a black maid who would tell stories about growing up on the plantation. Clemens found it fascinating and asked if he could write an article based on one of her stories. It was his first attempt to write something serious and he thought his publisher would reject it, but he didn't. I don't remember the name of the short story, now, but it was an immediate hit.

After the Civil War (few years) Clemens took a trip through the South and saw the failure of reconstruction. He returned home with a fervor to tell the story of Huck Finn. Huck had already been created in Tom Sawyer, but in him Clemens saw a character who could tell the story of the South like Clemens thought it should be told.

In writing his diatribe against the continued enslavement of the Southern blacks, Clemens ended up writing one of three "great American novels". The book should be read for that, if not for the societal lessons it teaches.

Societal Lessons
Clemens did not understand, like so many still do not, that slavery was an ancillary issue for the Civil War as far as the North was concerned. It was a war that was fought mostly because the South was refusing the modernize and join the rest of the country in the industrial revolution. The more strident the national government became about the South (for example) adopting the national railroad gauge instead of changing to a different one at every state line, the more stubborn the South became about keeping things the way they wanted it -- slavery included. Most of the issues that caused the Civil War were dealt with in Reconstruction, but because slavery wasn't that big of a deal for most Northerners, the plight of the Southern black was largely ignored.

Clemens hated that! He wrote Huck Finn to show people in an entertaining way that black people were just people with dark skin -- no better and no worse than white folk. But, people still don't get the message. Maybe Huck Finn is like the Bible. You have to read it to understand what it's about. Most of us don't bother to read Huck Finn after we pretended to read it in high school. If we did, we might understand why this book is THE most important book that children of any color ought to be reading.

Huckleberry Finn
The entire hoopla being made because of the use of a "politically incorredt" word being used makes me very angry. This action OFENDS me. Huckleberry Finn is a great American classic and if one would just read past the use of the N-word they would learn a great lesson and realize what a great book this is.

BOOK-BANNING = DARK AGES
My understanding is that "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" was banned last year from a few schools and public libraries.

So was "To Kill A Mockingbird."

This is nothing short of criminal.

Is it any wonder that kids today turn to the electronic world for entertainment?

They are incapable of thinking, imagining, learning, forming opinions -- all made possible by reading the classics.

What, for crying out loud, are they taught in college literature classes? Or are literature classes passe?

There was a list of about eight books banned last year, with the help of the ACLU. Are we to be left with the ACLU as the last arbiter of what the public can read?

Will we rise up on two feet and blow these cretins off the water before the library shelves are bare?

Why bother with schools?

Huck Finn
Good column, I hope you don't get fired after writing this column if you work for a public school, watch out. I get sick and tired of Blacks and now Muslims constantly whining about being offended. Frankly I'm offended about having to pay for 80% illegitimate births among blacks, paying for 70% of the jail population that is black, I'm offended about the 3000 innocent people killed by Muslims on 911 and the other thousands of Christians killed by Muslims in the Middle East. Lee mentioned that Muslims still enslaved African's 30 years after slavery was abolished. This is wrong. Muslims in Sudan are still enslaving Black Christians today.

Literature; take a back seat
Before I could finish the course work required for a math major, I had to take a course in 19th century American literature. We were required to read and prepare papers for four well written novels.

One of the books was Huckleberry Finn; I don't recall the other three. (This was in 1959.) I shall never forget the Twain book.

I spent 2 years in the south (Florida, South Carolina, etc.)in 1952-1953. Coming from a small state in the West, where we seldom saw a black person; the life style was a shock. I had a difficult time understanding the rules; separate facilities and all.

I then spent two years in the military, which had at that time been integrated. We had black officers (I was a lowly enlisted person) and some from the South were outraged to be commanded by a black officer.

I was then assigned to an MP company, also fully integrated. I met a great young man who had spent WWII in Norway under Nazi rule. He and I also met a young, and outstanding black man who was an exceptional athlete and pianist. We spent many hours together, both on duty and involvement in music; both of us "whites" were singers and he played piano for us.

We went on leave together; the black man was my two man puppy tent roomie.

I can honestly say that his color had no effect on our friendship; I loved both men as brothers.

The Mark Twain assignment came about 3 years later; by that time we had lost contact (I'm still trying to find him, but it looks hopeless now.)

The bottom line; anyone who cannot read this book without going into a rage, just has no idea of what you are missing. The HATED WORD, was reality in Twain's time; it did have meaning that we should try to understand. I never use it, but hiding it in a dark corner where it will grow as a mold, is a poor choice. Put it into the open and try to understand the real implications that is the history of this word.

Backdating PC
Isn't it about time certain people stop trying to backdate political correctness to make the writings and culture of 100+ years ago meet today's ideas of what is permitted or accepted. Yes Twain used language common to the culture of his time. But as has been noted by many his novel was meant to show that Jim was a man whose inner workings were every bit as normal as Huck's. Thus rather than promoting racism "Huckleberry Finn" was way ahead of its time in putting forward reconciliation and acceptance among the races. Let's get a grip folks.
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